The standard reduction potentials of lithium metal and chlorine gas are as follows:
Reaction Reduction potential
(V)
Li+(aq)+e−→Li(s) −3.04
Cl2(g)+2e−→2Cl−(aq) +1.36
In a galvanic cell, the two half-reactions combine to
2Li(s)+Cl2(g)→2Li+(aq)+2Cl−(aq)
Calculate the cell potential of this reaction under standard reaction conditions.
ΔG∘=−nFE∘cell
where n is the number of moles of electrons transferred and F=96,500J/V⋅mol e− is the Faraday constant.
1 Answer
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Reduction takes place at the cathode: Cl2(g) + 2e- =>2Cl-(aq) Eº=+1.36 V
Oxidation takes place at the anode: Li(s) => Li+(aq) + e- Eº=-3.04 V
Ecell = Ecathode - Eanode
Ecell = 1.36 - (-3.04) = 4.4 V